Every film genre – action, science fiction, horror, comedy and even animated – has had a series of memorable villains that have stuck with us for most of our lives. Whether it be a sadistic teenager portrayed by James Spader; an emotionless cyborg represented by Arnold Schwarzenegger; a suave, humorous terrorist leader played by Alan Rickman; or even a scarred lion voiced by Jeremy Irons – it’s the bad guys who make the classics so great!

So what about villains in martial arts film?

Villains in martial arts film definitely don’t get enough attention, so we’re aiming to fix this right now. Remember: It’s not so much how they look or how many foes they’ve taken down, it’s more about their impact on modern pop culture.

In no particular order, we introduce The Most Memorable Villains in Martial Arts Film: Part II.

FUNG SHENG WU CHI

Played by: Kam Kong
Trademark: Blind guy with a grudge against one-armed men
Weapon: The flying guillotine

When his pupils die at the hands of the famed One-Armed Boxer (Jimmy Wang), blind man Fung Sheng Wu Chi goes on a killing spree in his pursuit of vengeance. It’s his weapon of choice that makes him such a memorable bad guy. Being a blind man, Fung Sheng must use his other senses to track his enemies. When he’s locked on target, Fung Sheng throws the flying guillotine (which looks like a funky hat on a chain) onto his opponent’s head. He then yanks back on the chain, taking the head clean off. It’s both shocking and kind of funny. – Kyle Warner

JACK

Played by: Wu Jing
Trademark: White suit, sunglasses, and blonde tints
Weapon: Knife

After gruesomely murdering in cold blood all but one of Donnie Yen’s team in Sha Po Lang, there are not many fans out there who don’t have the image ingrained into their minds of Wu Jing standing at the end of the alley way, waiting to dish out some serious hurt to Yen. Decked out in a white suit and armed with a deadly blade, the ruthlessness and speed of Wu Jing’s icy killer left an impression that the actor hasn’t been able to top since. – Paul Bramhall

SASAKI KOJIRO

Played by: Ken Takakura (also by Koji Tsuruta)
Trademark: An unusually long katana
Weapon: Katana

Miyamoto Musashi may be the most famous Japanese swordsman of all time but any telling of his story would be incomplete without the inclusion of his rival Sasaki Kojiro. Played by a young Ken Takakura in Tomu Uchida’s Miyamoto Musashi film series, Kojiro observes Musashi from afar for multiple films before finally facing him in Duel at Ganryu Island. Kojiro isn’t really an evil man but he becomes the primary antagonist for the hero Musashi as they both seek to master the sword. Kojiro had supposedly been undefeated until the bout on Ganryu Island and many historians suggest that Musashi had to cheat in order to win. When the greatest of all time has to cheat to win, you know Sasaki Kojiro was a man to be reckoned with. – Kyle Warner

BOYKA

Played by: Scott Adkins
Trademark: A mohawk and more tattoos than you can shake a stick at
Weapon: He is the weapon

How do you know Boyka is a top villain? Well, how many other characters can you think of that aren’t even in the first movie of a series, have a supporting role in the sequel, but go on to become the star of both the third and fourth!? Boyka is that character, and while he may not remain the villain for the whole series, he left enough of an impression after throwing down with Michael Jai White in Undisputed 2, that he definitely deserves an entry on this list. – Paul Bramhall

MAD DOG

Played by: Yayan Ruhian
Trademark: A ferocious temper
Weapon: A flurry of fists and feet

What Ruhian lacks in height, he more than makes up for in pure unadulterated rage. As the character of Mad Dog he was like a one-man army in the Indonesian action movie The Raid, tearing through key members of the SWAT team assigned to take out a crime lord with joyful abandon. What really remains in the mind about Mad Dog, is not only his wince inducing Silat skills, but also his love of inflicting pain on his hapless victims. A true villain in every sense of the word. – Paul Bramhall

THE KILLER

Played by: Darren Shahlavi
Trademark: A metal eye mask
Weapon: Furious feet

Long before Donnie Yen hunted kung fu serial killer Baoqiang Wang in Kung Fu Jungle, Gary Daniels was after the original kung fu killer in the 1997 Seasonal Films production Bloodmoon. Sporting a cape, metallic eye mask, and rock star hair, Shalvavi’s Killer was memorable for all the right reasons. When he wasn’t laying waste to hapless martial arts experts, he was spouting such memorable lines as, “Did you notice, there’s blood on the moon tonight?” A true Shakespearian villain in every sense. – Paul Bramhall

LO PAN

Played by: James Hong
Trademark: Big hat and long fingernails
Weapon: Dark magic

Lo Pan may not be the most formidable villain on this list but he’s probably the most quotable. The sorcerer lived for thousands of years waiting for the right girl with green eyes to lift his curse only to have a bumbling idiot like Jack Burton come along and mess up his plans. Played with comic glee by James Hong, Lo Pan and Jack Burton make for a perfect hero/villain duo in Big Trouble in Little China. – Kyle Warner

THE BEAST

Played by: Leung Siu-Lung
Trademark: Flip-flops and a tank top
Weapon: Superhuman fighting skills

When the Axe Gang is unable to defeat the landlady and landlord of Pig Sty Alley, they seek out the most dangerous man alive to do their dirty work for them. Meet the Beast, an unkempt, unimposing middle-aged man in flip-flops. But looks can be deceiving. A beating that would kill a normal man only gives the Beast a bloody nose and his skills as a fighter appear to be unmatched. When finally challenged by an unlikely hero in the film’s finale, the Beast takes on the attributes of a toad and starts hopping all around the place, destroying much of Pig Sty Alley in the process. Kung Fu Hustle plays like a live-action kung fu cartoon full of larger-than-life characters, and the villainous Beast is among the film’s most memorable. – Kyle Warner

If you missed it, be sure to check out Part I of this article. Until then, we’ll be working on The Most Memorable Villains in Martial Arts Film: Part III. Any suggestions?

The Universal Soldier films are unique in that they blend stories about cyborg-like killers with martial arts and several of action cinema’s greatest stars. Action icons like Jean-Claude Van Damme, Dolph Lundgren, Michael Jai White, and Scott Adkins all appear throughout the franchise and leave their stamp on the Universal Soldier name. Fans of both science fiction and martial arts cinema adore these films because they blend two separate sub-genres into one strangely rewarding franchise that has actually gotten better with time.

If one were to compare the Universal Soldier series to any other action franchise out there, than it would have to be the Highlander series. Both franchises started off with fairly successful theatrical entries that eventually led into sequels that appealed to the direct to video market and retconned previous entries’ continuity. However, the Universal Soldier series is unique in that the direct to video entries of the franchise are actually better than the theatrically released entries, a rarity in any franchise. The series is also interesting for shifting its tone over time. What started as rather dumb escapism eventually became a bleak and horrific martial arts blood fest that even explored interesting themes of identity and humanity.

It should be mentioned that this retrospective will not cover the two television/direct to video entries of the franchise, Universal Soldier II: Brothers in Arms and Universal Soldier III: Unfinished Business (same goes for The Asylum’s Universal Soldiers), as both do not feature any of the actors from the rest of the series and were not made by the series’ creators. These ‘direct to video quality’ entries are mostly disregarded by fans and not considered as part of the series’ canon either. Few action buffs have even seen these low budget turds. No offense to their place in action history, but the true Universal Soldier franchise consists of the films starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, plain and simple. Therefore, let’s dive into the rocky but consistently rewarding Universal Soldier series that proves that the direct to video market is a force to be reckoned with and that Van Damme and Dolph Lundgren have actually gotten better with time.

"Universal Soldier" Japanese Theatrical Poster

Universal Soldier (1992)

Roland Emmerich’s first true blockbuster is a fun but dumb start to a franchise that nobody expected to outlast its first installment. Universal Soldier is clearly a rip-off of The Terminator with its cyborg-like protagonists and chase concept. Unfortunately, Universal Soldier channels nothing more than B-movie thrills, not intellectual thematic material a-la Cameron’s own Terminator films. Emmerich and his screenwriting partner in crime Dean Devlin take what could have been a rather intelligent sci-fi/actioner and dumb it down to basics. Universal Soldier is nothing more than required viewing if only to understand the mythology of the series and nothing more. The film isn’t even the best within its own franchise even though it is the first installment. In a world where film buffs argue that the first film in a series is typically the best, Universal Soldier joins the ranks of Friday the 13th as being a lackluster start in a franchise that would only get better.

Van Damme and Lundgren promotional shot.

Universal Soldier starts off with a rather excellent prologue that sets the stage for the rest of the film. The year is 1969 and the Vietnam War is in full bloom. When Private Luc Deveraux (Jean Claude Van Damme) discovers that his superior Sergeant Andrew Scott (Dolph Lundgren) has snapped and killed a helping of villagers, the two duke it out with one another until they both lay dead in the wet mud. When American soldiers arrive upon the scene, they bag up the two and sign them up for the Universal Soldier program. The program takes once deceased soldiers and turns them into UniSols, invincible cyborgs that go on dangerous missions for the government. UniSols are the perfect soldiers because they cannot think for themselves and do exactly as they are told.

However, both Luc and Andrew’s past memories are triggered when a reporter, Veronica (Ally Walker), sneaks onto the UniSol training ground. Andrew resorts back to his psychotic ways when he murders Veronica’s cameraman and Luc turns back into the protective soldier he used to be when he grabs Veronica and chooses to protect her from Andrew. The trio engage in a cross country chase that leaves numerous innocent bodies behind.

The entire UniSol platoon.

It’s clear that there was great potential with Universal Soldier. The film could have delivered both the entertaining action and intriguing themes of a similar master class sci-fi/actioner like The Terminator. Unfortunately, Emmerich aims straight for basic B-movie entertainment and delivers nothing more than that. Emmerich fails to elicit an iota of tension out of his chase-like proceedings or deliver a competent laugh courtesy of the film’s rather abundant assortment of jokes and annoying characters. The lead characters themselves would also be particularly forgetful if not for being played by Van Damme and Lundgren.

Lundgren goes crazy.

Universal Soldier isn’t all bad though. You could say that the film is also what Devlin and Emmerich do best: blockbuster fun. The opening Vietnam prologue and mission at Hoover Dam hold up to this day and stand as the film’s standout set pieces. Van Damme and Lundgren also get to show off their action chops with numerous car chases, fist fights, and shootouts. Universal Soldier is more or less a ‘versus’ film between Van Damme and Lundgren where the two chase one another across the country and duke it out several times. While far from exciting, Universal Soldier is a unique relic of 90s cinema where two action stars shared screen time and top billing with one another. The action stars of the 80s and 90s were all about competition. This is why you never saw any of them on screen together until Stallone’s The Expendables. Therefore, Universal Soldier is worth checking out in order to see two of action cinema’s biggest stars acting alongside one another all the way back in 1992.

If B-movie entertainment is what you seek, than Universal Soldier is the film for you. Van Damme and Lundgren fans will definitely want to check this film out for their fun performances and entertaining action sequences. Otherwise, the first Universal Soldier film does nothing more than establish the mythos of an ever complex franchise and force the audience through an hour and a half of bad comedy courtesy of Ally Walker’s gaping jaw. Unfortunately, the franchise would only get worse with its first sequel.

"Universal Soldier: The Return" Japanese Theatrical Poster

Universal Soldier: The Return (1999)

Universal Soldier: The Return is the low point of the franchise, an abomination of action cinema if there ever was one. Mic Rodger’s ham fisted film is nothing more than a lazy sequel meant to cash in on the original’s success and Van Damme’s marque name. Univeral Soldier: The Return is so bad that it more or less killed the franchise until direct to video master John Hyams “regenerated” the franchise in 2009 with one of the best direct to video sequels of all time.

Universal Soldier: The Return opens with an action scene within the first few minutes and more or less establishes the tone for the rest of the picture. If you thought that Universal Soldier was too comedic or dumb, than prepare yourself for a camp fest. Universal Soldier: The Return dives head first into sexist jokes, dumb action, and forced romance within minutes and tortures the viewer with these atrocities until the very end. The film barely constitutes as a sequel, as Luc Deveraux returns as a soldier working for the government, but no longer with the defects of a UniSol. He’s a cured man now with a daughter and a job to attend too. When the UniSol program is shut down due to budget cuts, the artificial intelligence program that runs the facility takes matters into its own hands and uses the UniSols to take over. This A.I. eventually takes the form of a man named Seth (Michael Jai White) and gives Deveraux a physical opponent to best. Therefore, Deveraux must help the military shut down the UniSol program and stop Seth.

Van Damme and Kiana Tom in a promotional shot.

Universal Soldier: The Return barely has a plot. The film was more or less an excuse to get Van Damme back in the shoes of Deveraux in order to kick some ass and shoot some UniSols. The sequel even borrows its rogue A.I. plot from none other than 2001: A Space Odyssey. The film goes so far as to recreate the infamous scene of HAL-9000 reading the lips of two men when Seth reads the lips of two military officers through a window. Both scenes are shockingly similar to the point where Universal Soldier: The Return’s “borrowing” of the material seems down right criminal. One should not even mention 2001: A Space Odyssey and Universal Soldier: The Return within the same sentence, it’s just wrong.

Van Damme unleashes on Bill Goldberg.

That Rodger’s sequel was made for $45 million astounds me. This crappy film features the terrible acting abilities, awful special effects, and nonsensical plotting of a television movie, not a theatrically released sequel. The sound design, cinematography, and score are especially bad too. Your eyes and ears will hurt from watching this hazy and cheap looking sequel that dares to compare itself to Emmerich’s competent sci-fi/actioner. Say what you want about the first film, but at least it had good cinematography. Universal Soldier: The Return also cements its action and plot amongst three sets: a military facility, a hospital, and a strip club. Get used to those gray walls and bland sets, cause they are all you are going to get for a thankfully short run time of 83 minutes.

Michael Jai White and Van Damme promotional shot.

The action scenes in Universal Soldier: The Return barely amount to an R rating or excite the viewer either. Bland shootouts between Van Damme and nameless UniSols, as well as average fistfights between UniSol Romeo (Bill Goldberg) and buff nurses, do nothing more than pad out the running time. In fact, nearly all of Goldberg’s action sequences will make you laugh out loud, as they feature an odd amount of accidental comedy that director Mic Rodgers had to be idiotic not to pick up on. The only fight scene in the film that truly dazzles is the final showdown between Van Damme and Michael Jai White. The two beat up one another, hurl themselves through glass, and utilize chairs as weapons in the film’s only memorable physical bout. Unfortunately, this awesome final fight isn’t enough to save a film that already features awful ADR and a scene where a character rides Bill Goldberg down a staircase as a surfboard.

With Dolph Lundgren out of the picture and Van Damme grasping onto some of the worst material in his career, Universal Soldier: The Return barely constitutes as a Universal Soldier film. The memorable and psychotic Andrew Scott is all but absent and Luc Deveraux is barely the same character as seen within the first film. The film might as well be called Universal Soldier: Jean Claude Returns, as he is the only true returning element of the previous film. As far as sequels come, Universal Soldier: The Return may just be one of the very worst. It is nothing more than a cheap cash crab that somehow features a shocking $45 million budget. Those in search of a good laugh should check out this horrendous sequel. Otherwise, skip this franchise killing film and jump ahead to the next one.

"Universal Soldier: Regeneration" Japanese Theatrical Poster

Universal Soldier: Regeneration (2009)

After one particularly average entry and one horrendous sequel, the Universal Soldier franchise seemed officially dead and beyond repair. However, director John Hyams and screenwriter Victor Ostrovsky saw different when they revived the franchise in 2009 with Universal Soldier: Regeneration, a direct to video sequel (in the United States) that also rebooted the series. Universal Soldier: Regeneration rebooted the franchise by building off the mythology established in the original film while wisely ignoring the events of Universal Soldier: The Return altogether. Hyams also stripped the franchise of its hokey humor and popcorn elements in favor of a serious tone and brutally realistic fight sequences. In doing so, Hyams crafted one of the best entries in the series.

A group of political activists kidnap the Ukrainian prime minster’s son and daughter in exchange for the release of imprisoned political activists. If their demands are not met, than the activists will detonate an abandoned Chernobyl power planet in 72 hours. U.S. forces team up with the Ukrainian army in an effort to combat the political activists many numbers as well as their secret weapon, a sole Next Generation Universal Soldier, or, N.G.U. (Anrdei Arlovski). When the U.S. army’s forces and own UniSols fail to defeat the N.G.U., the U.S. army reactivates former UniSol Luc Deveraux in an effort to stop the activists from activating the bomb.

Van Damme back in top form.

Universal Soldier: Regeneration excels where previous Universal Soldier films failed by exploring themes of identity and humanity amidst the Universal Soldier program. The film conveys the dangers of trying to control soldiers and the effect it has on their humanity and personality. When the film opens on Deveraux, we find him undergoing a rehabilitation program that aims to restore him as a normal member of society. However, all of Deveraux’s rehabilitation is ruined when the U.S. army makes the decision to remove his humanity altogether and turn him into an unstoppable soldier again. The film is truly a tragic and depressing look at the effects of creating the perfect soldier, as well as a harrowing warning of said effects. Look towards the next sequel for more on this.

Hyams’ first Universal Soldier film is also an improvement in the action department thanks to a helping of brutally realistic fight choreography and incredible camera work. Andrei Arlovski’s many fight scenes benefit from the actor’s experience in mixed martial arts. The fights feel like actual brawls to the death this go around instead of flashy bouts of popcorn entertainment. Even Van Damme and Lundgren’s long awaited rematch since their final fight at the end of Universal Soldier trumps nearly every fight the two have engaged in amongst their lengthy careers. All of this bone crunching action is made all the better thanks to the camera work by Peter Hyams, John’s father who had previously directed Van Damme in Time Cop and Sudden Death.

Van Damme vs. Lundgren II.

John and Peter take a page out of Alfonso Cuaron’s filmmaking handbook by incorporating long tracking shots and smooth camera movements that convey an incredible sense of fluidity during the film’s many action sequences. The film’s gorgeous cinematography shines the best during an incredible single shot where Van Damme runs through a house and guns down various political activists left and right. Peter Hyams gives even John Woo’s tracking shot from Hard Boiled a run for its money. Hyams crafts an incredible finale filled with shootouts and numerous physical bouts that drive Universal Soldier: Regeneration home as one of the best action films of the previous decade.

Andrei "The Pit Bull" Arlovski is a welcome addition.

If one were to fault Hyams’ otherwise excellent direct to video sequel on anything, than it would have to be that the film suffers from having no clearly defined protagonist. Even though Van Damme returns as Deveraux, he doesn’t appear until 20 minutes into the film’s run time and only has a couple more scenes until he dives head first into the film’s action packed finale. Arlovski more or less dominates the first half of the film until he vanishes and Mike Pyle steps in to steal the show during the second half. With so many characters taking center stage throughout the film, it’s hard to place one as the clear protagonist, even Van Damme’s respective franchise character.

Universal Soldier: Regeneration is a brutal but restrained sequel that reboots the franchise to greatness and establishes John Hyams as its auteur. John and his father direct and frame several incredible fistfights that stand as some of the genre’s very best. Hyams also directs newcomer Arlovski to great effect with a Terminator-esque performance of silence and sheer horror. Van Damme, Arlovski, Pyle, and even Lundgren shine bright in this unforgettable film that establishes the Universal Soldier series as one of action cinema’s secret treasures.

"Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning" Japanese DVD Cover

Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning (2012)

Hyams’ second sequel within the series is a daring, artistic, and complex film that barely resembles its refreshing predecessor. Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning takes the franchise in an increasingly complex and animalistic direction as it explore themes of reality and humanity amongst a plot that places action star Scott Adkins (Close Range) in the spotlight as the franchise’s newest hero.

The fourth Universal Soldier film immediately pulls a switcheroo on the viewer by turning its franchise hero, Luc Deveraux, into a psychotic villain. The film opens as John (Scott Adkins), a husband and father, watches his family murdered before his eyes by a trio of masked men led by Deveraux. When John awakens from a coma several months later, he sets out to uncover why Deveraux murdered his family. He soon discovers that his sense of reality is not as he believes and that he may be a pawn in a larger game involving the Universal Soldiers and the government that controls them.

Scott Adkins is ready to kill and kill again.

Whereas Universal Soldier: Regeneration was simplistic and straightforward, Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning is anything but. Hyams crafts a radically different sequel that combines the hard-hitting elements of the previous film with the stylistic tendencies of extreme foreign art house pictures. Neon and fluorescent lights decorate many of the film’s sets and recall the neon-tinged films of Nicolas Winding Refn (Drive, Only God Forgives). The film also features several first person point of view shots complete with blinking eye effects for maximum immersion. The occasional POV shots, along with several scenes that feature near headache inducing strobe lights, mirror the filmmaking techniques of Gaspar Noe (Irreversible, Enter the Void). It’s clear that Hyams pulls inspiration from varied filmmakers for each of his Universal Soldier films.

Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning may fend off viewers who are uncomfortable with such extreme techniques and gory violence. Hyams takes the fourth film in such a dark and extreme direction at times that the film feels like it has crossed over into the horror genre. In fact, the film is so violent that it feels primal and animalistic in tone, especially during the scenes that take place within the UniSol compound. There is no denying that Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning joins the ranks of Rambo, Punisher: War Zone, and The Raid 2 as one of the most violent action films in recent years.

It's apocalypse now for Arlovski and Van Damme.

Adkins gives a great performance as a confused and confounded man who questions his own reality. The character of John, and his subsequent adventure, mirror Douglas Quaid’s plight in Total Recall. Franchise veterans Van Damme and Lundgren are reduced to particularly small supporting roles. While viewers may be familiar with Lundgren’s insane antics over the course of the franchise, some may be caught off guard by Van Damme’s rather dark performance as a corrupted Deveraux. Van Damme’s bald appearance and performance recall Marlon Brandon’s infamous turn as Colonel Kurtz in the classic war film Apocalypse Now. In fact, Deveraux’s journey from decorated soldier to insane leader is incredibly similar to Kurtz’s own fall from grace. Both men’s journeys show the harrowing effects of war on its soldiers. Arlovski also returns, now referred to as “The Plumber”, in a supporting role that pits him against Adkins throughout the first half of the film.

Hyams ups the action ante from the previous film with numerous one on one fights and one of the goriest action finales in recent memory. Both of Adkins’ fights against Arlovski excel due to their hard-hitting choreography and lack of music. Their fast paced fights stand out the most because they differ from the rest of the film’s highly stylized fights that incorporate copious amounts of slow motion, tracking shots, and sped up footage. The film’s entire finale feels reminiscent of a video game as Adkins makes his way through several UniSol henchmen, a mini-boss in the form of Dolph Lundgren, and than the long awaited final bout against Van Damme. Few action films contain as brutal a display of violence as Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning.

Adkins and Lundgren havin' a bloody good time.

Whether Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning ends up being the final entry in the franchise or simply the latest remains to be seen. Either way, it’s clear that Hyams is the franchise’s defining author and the one who should be writing, producing, or directing all future entries. Hyams took the franchise in a new direction with this brutal entry of the series that exudes art house horror and animalistic fervor. Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning is an action film that must be seen if only to experience its raw energy and jaw dropping action sequences. Adkins’ one on one fights with Arlovski, Lundgren, and Van Damme are worth the price of admission alone. If anything, Hyams has successfully passed the franchise torch from Lundgren and Van Damme to newcomer Adkins.

Conclusion:

The Universal Soldier franchise is a unique gem of action and science fiction cinema. The series started out with Universal Soldier, an overly humorous but entertaining summer blockbuster that felt more like a one-off film than the start of a franchise. However, Van Damme desperately needed a comeback in the late 90s. Therefore, he pulled the sequel card and starred in Universal Soldier: The Return, one of his biggest budgeted action films at the time. Unfortunately, the film was nothing but a disaster. It was an insult to the series, a financial flop, and critically reviled. It stands to this day as one of the very worst films in all of Van Damme’s filmography.

Fortunately, John Hyams resurrected the series in 2009 with Universal Soldier: Regeneration, one of the hardest hitting and simplistic reboots to date. Hyams followed up his reboot with the increasingly complex and diverse Universal Soldier: Day of Reckoning, a fascinating and dark science fiction film. Both of Hyams’ sequels also gave Van Damme and Lundgren a second chance at redeeming the franchise. Hyam’s sequels more or less stand as the series’ definitive entries thanks to their penchant for brutal action, engaging stories, and interesting themes of identity and reality. Few franchises evolve over time and feature as diverse a selection of sequels as the Universal Soldier series. Therefore, count me in for whatever direction the series heads towards next.

As the year that was 2015 fades into the distance, it’s that time once more to reflect on the cinematic highs that were enjoyed during the last 12 months. Just like last year, this will be a collection of movies that I watched for the first time during 2015, not movies that were necessarily released in 2015.

There’ll be some movies on this list that don’t have reviews on the site, such is the nature of occasionally watching a movie that you enjoy so much. While it’s easy to review 90 minutes of trash that can be easily torn to shreds, sometimes the best movies are the most difficult to review, and I confess to bailing out on having a crack at some of them. Thankfully, they can be included in this feature!

2015 was also a year in which I watched an inordinate amount of old school kung fu. So much so that I’ve decided to (almost) completely skip over including any here, short of saying ‘Every movie Dragon Lee has ever made’, which frankly, would be misrepresentative. Though if I did watch an old school kung fu movie and enjoyed it, chances are I definitely reviewed it, so feel free to scroll through by clicking on my name under the feature header.

Just like last time, the movies will be listed in order of release, so without further ado, let’s begin.

Wild City (2015, Hong Kong) – The news that Hong Kong auteur Ringo Lam would be returning to the director’s chair, for the first time in 12 years, was greeted by equal amounts of excitement and trepidation from his long-time fans. The man behind such classics as City on Fire and Full Contact, there’s no doubt that the Hong Kong cinematic landscape had changed a lot since he was last active in the industry. Thankfully, while not perfect, Wild City proved that he hasn’t lost a step, proving to be a gritty crime thriller in which the streets and alleys of Hong Kong are just as much of a character as the leads, played by Louis Koo, Shawn Yue, and Tong Liya.

Full Strike (2015, Hong Kong) – Directors Derek Kwok and Henri Wong teamed up for this tale of a former badminton champion fallen on hard times, and a group of physically impaired ex-cons, teaming up to try and win a badminton championship. While on paper it may not seem like the most exciting prospect for a movie, onscreen Full Strike harks back to the insanely paced HK comedies of old. With aliens, drunken masters, steel-capped shuttlecocks, and some of the most hilariously foul language you’re likely to come across in a movie about badminton, Full Strike proved to be one of the most entertaining HK movies of 2015.

SPL II: A Time for Consequences (2015, Hong Kong) – Arriving a whole decade after the original SPL, this time minus Donnie Yen and Sammo Hung, the thematic sequel delivered the goods thanks in no small part due to the assured direction of Soi Cheang. The man behind the likes of Dog Bite Dog and Accident, Cheang not only made sure he brought the action, but also extracted a pair of career best acting performances from Wu Jing and Tony Jaa. Taking on the dark subject of organ trafficking, as the corrupt prison warden behind a trafficking ring, Max Zhang almost stole the show in a high impact physical performance.

From Vegas to Macau II (2015, Hong Kong) – Following the original which was ultimately more miss than hit, it didn’t stop Wong Jing from bringing back Chow Yun Fat and Carina Lau for a second installment of From Vegas to Macau, a hark back to the popular gambling movies of yesteryear. Thankfully, the sequel makes amends for its predecessor by delivering an almost non-stop barrage of action and wacky comedy. From Vegas to Macau II wisely does away with Nicholas Tse and Chapman To, and replaces them with the likes of Nick Cheung, Shawn Yue, and Shaw Brothers legend David Chiang, all of whom are game to indulge in the silliness of it all.

Scarlet Innocence (2014, South Korea) – What starts off as a seemingly sedate melodrama, which sees Jeong Woo-seong taking a job as a community teacher in the countryside following a scandal in Seoul, takes an unexpectedly dark turn when he embarks on a passionate affair with a girl several years his junior, played by Esom (here appearing for a second time in the Top 15 list, after last years Man on High Heels). As the story skips several years forward, Esom’s return into Woo-seong’s life, who now has failing eyesight, becomes a psychological nightmare of excessive sex and violence. A modern re-telling of a Korean folk tale, director Lim Pil-seong delivers a movie which stays with you long after it’s finished.

A Hard Day (2014, South Korea) – Director and screenwriter Kim Seong-hoon’s sophomore feature came a whole 8 years after his 2006 debut, however it was definitely worth the wait. The tale of a cop who accidentally hits and kills a man while driving to his mother’s funeral at night, his ensuing attempts to hide the body result in one of the most entertaining thrillers to come out of Korea in recent years. A big factor of its success is thanks to Seong-hoon’s tightly paced script, which weaves in plenty of laugh out loud dark comedy moments, and an energetically frantic performance from Lee Seong-gyoon, who plays the cop in question.

A Girl at My Door (2014, South Korea) – One of the most impressive debuts by anyone, director and screenwriter Jeong Joo-ri shows many of the trademarks of her teacher, Lee Chang-dong, with the auteur himself coming on-board as producer. Featuring a pair of powerhouse performances by Bae Doona and Kim Sae-ron (here grown up considerably from her role in The Man from Nowhere), the tale focuses on the friendship between the pair, as Doona’s new-in-town police captain takes Sae-ron under her wing. However when the past begins to catch up with them both, proceedings take a surprisingly dark direction, but one which is both empowering and morally ambiguous.

The World of Kanako (2014, Japan) – Any movie by Tetsuya Nakashima is worth paying attention to, the director behind the likes of Memories of Matsuko and Confessions, and The World of Kanako proves to be no different. Featuring a scenery chewing performance by Koji Yakusho, as we follow his journey to try and locate his missing daughter Kanako, it’s very much a case of being dragged into a rabbit hole of psychosis, violence, and insanity. Relentless in its pace, by the end of the 2 hours you’ll likely be as exhausted and dishevelled as he is, however you’ll also be left with little doubt that what you’ve just witnessed is an impressively powerful piece of cinema.

Black Coal, Thin Ice (2014, China) – Mainland Chinese crime cinema was one of my favourite discoveries of 2015. Independent movies aren’t screened in China, however thankfully that doesn’t stop them from being made, and many have gained recognition at film festivals around the world. Black Coal, Thin Ice is one such example, and walked away with a couple of awards at the Berlin International Film Festival. It’s easy to see why, as director Diao Yinan crafts an atmospherically told tale of a serial killer, who likes to leave his victims body parts strewn across a snow covered province in North East China. Following a disgraced former detectives attempts to track the killer down with the widow of one of the victims, it’s a movie which will keep you guessing until the end.

End of Animal (2010, South Korea) – While director Jo Sung-hee has gone onto bigger budget productions recently, his 2010 debut, funded by a grant from the Korean Academy of Film Arts, still packs a weighty punch. Undeniably low budget, Sung-hee defies the financial limitations by focusing on a pregnant girl riding a taxi to her hometown in remote Korean countryside. Featuring a darkly foreboding and creepy atmosphere, when an unexplained event leaves both the taxi and everyone’s mobile phones without power, the sense of isolation and omnipresent sound of an unknown beast growling in the far distance make for an effectively unsettling experience. The answers to what exactly is going on are never spoon fed, and End of Animal is all the more rewarding for it.

Adrift in Tokyo (2007, Japan) – Miki Satoshi has made a career out of making slice-of-life movies focusing on a variety of odd and eccentric characters, but in my opinion Adrift in Tokyo is his masterpiece. Featuring Joe Odagiri (who also has a role in The World of Kanako) as a heavily in debt student with no particular ambitions, when a burly yakuza played by Tomokazu Miura bursts into his apartment and gives him 72 hours to pay, he all but gives up on life. However after running into Miura a second time, the yakuza offers him a different deal – he’ll give Odagiri a million yen, and all he has to do in return is accompany him for a walk around Tokyo. What follows is a subtly charming and warm road trip, only on foot, around Tokyo, as the pair quietly grow fond of each other in the face of an inevitable ending.

Takeshis’ (2005, Japan) – Without doubt Takeshi Kitano’s most unique movie, Takeshis’ plays like a surreal deconstruction of his own image, that which was developed through his filmography. Taking on 2 roles – one a version of his real-life actor persona ‘Beat’ Takeshi, and one a mild-mannered convenience store clerk who dreams of being an actor, proceedings increasingly become a series of dreams and hallucinations, often involving both characters’ lives overlapping into the other. Impossible to fully grasp on first watch, Takeshis’ is a movie which becomes increasingly rewarding on repeat viewings.

Hypnotized (2004, South Korea) – A movie which frequently defies categorization, equal parts psychological horror, sexual thriller, and mystery, Hypnotized is anchored by a fantastic performance by Kim Hye-soo as a mentally unstable woman being treated by a therapist, played by Kim Tae-woo. Director Kim In-sik blends fantasy and reality throughout to create a variety of visually stunning imagery, reflecting the disturbed nature of the protagonist’s fractured mind. As Tae-woo becomes increasingly obsessed with Hye-soo, despite her unstable state, he also finds his mind starting to fray at the seams, which leads to a memorably horrific finale.

Rendezvous of Japanese Kanto (1993, Taiwan/South Korea) – When you’ve been watching kung fu movies for 16 years, it’s easy to feel like you’ve seen everything that’s worth seeing. Thankfully, hidden gems like Rendezvous of Japanese Kanto come along to remind us that there are always movies out there worth watching, they’re just not as obvious as when you’ve just gotten into the genre. A Taiwan and South Korean co-production which is equal parts Korean Taekwondo action and Girls With Guns (thanks to the presence of Sibelle Hu), the fights come thick and fast, topped off with a fantastic 15 minute finale. Throw in cameos from the likes of Baby Venom Ricky Cheng and Chang Shan, and you have a perfect slice of kung fu cinema goodness.

Monk’s Fight (1979, Hong Kong) – An obscure title from 1979 which features an unlikely collection of kung fu cinema luminaries all thrown together in the same movie, from Korean superkicker Casanova Wong, to Taiwan femme fatale Pearl Cheung, to Shaw Brothers regulars such as Ling Yun, Tien Feng, and Choi Wang. The actual main actor of Monk’s Fight, Lee Wing, would only make this movie and disappear. It’s a shame, as the production has one of the most unique feels to it of any kung fu flick I’ve seen, almost like a chambara influenced wuxia style spaghetti western, with quick and brutal one blow fights eschewing the usual fantastical nature most wuxia’s lend themselves too. For a change from the usual, Monk’s Fight is well worth checking out.

That wraps up my list for this year, and 2016 is already shaping up to be a hotly anticipated 12 months of cinematic goodness. Feel free to weigh in with your own movie highlights of 2015 in the comments section below, and in the meantime, wishing you all a happy and healthy 2016 on fire.